A Coding Approach for Detection of Tampering in Write-Once Optical Disks

We present coding methods for protecting against tampering of write-once optical disks which turns them into a secure digital medium for applications where critical information must be stored in a way that prevents or allows detection of an attempt at falsiication. Our method involves adding a small amount of redundancy to a modulated sector of data. This extra redundancy is not used for normal operation, but can be used for determining, say as a testimony in court, that a disk has not been tampered with.